The improvement of employees' professional competence through quality learning and development is the most important goal of any organization. For this purpose, special attention to develop the skills of the novice professionals to replace the aging workforce has great significance. Novice professionals should learn and grow at work in a way that it must influence quality of their grooming as well as progression in career however, not much is known about the way it occurs. Like all other hierarchical larger organizations, law enforcement agencies (LEAs) also have to stay current on such learning and development practices. Therefore, in this research [...]

In today's competitive digital market, brands need to stand out by giving their customers unique and valuable experiences. The study explores the role of online brand experience and brand consistency in improving brand love by examining the direct and mediated effects of brand authenticity on an online platform. The study also looked at the role of self-congruence in moderating the linkage between brand authenticity and brand love. This study uses stimulus-organism-response (SOR) theory to explore conceptual relationships. Using a purposive sampling technique, this study collected 372 consumers' responses who had at least 4 months of online experience with the global [...]

Both air pollution and global warming pose serious risks to human health and ecosystem. The study underlined that developing and enforcing environmental policies may alleviate some of these problems, especially those that are small-scale in nature. Further, thoughtful actions and legislative measures are necessary to ensure environmental sustainability. The purpose of this study is to identify factors that the brick sector in Pakistan might use to enhance organizational performance. The study analyzed how government regulation, public involvement, and environmental management techniques affect both environmental sustainability and organizational performance. The study used self-administered survey questionnaire to collect the data. The sample [...]

This study investigates the relationship between spiritual leadership, prosocial voice, and spiritual wellbeing in the hospitality industry of Pakistan. Spiritual leadership has gained recognition as a unique leadership approach that incorporates spiritual values and principles in organizational settings. The study aims to explore whether spiritual leadership positively influences prosocial voice among employees, and whether spiritual wellbeing mediates this relationship. The research employs a quantitative research design and collects data from a sample of employees working in various hotels and resorts in Pakistan's hospitality industry. The sample is selected using a convenient sampling technique, and a structured questionnaire is used for [...]

The primary goal of this study is to investigate the impact of eco-efficient infrastructure and organizational capabilities on green organizational performance, with sustainable production serving as a moderator. To achieve the study's goal, data were collected from 528 respondents in the manufacturing sector using a stratified sampling technique. The findings showed that a firm's eco-efficient infrastructure and organizational capabilities play an important role in achieving green performance; additionally, sustainable production plays an important mediating role. This study contributes to the development of policies for organizations to improve their green performance and theoretically eco-efficient infrastructure, which has been overlooked in previous [...]

Recently, many scholars have been working to investigate the role of Corporate Social Responsibility in enhancing an organization's financial and strategic performance. This paper analyzes the effects of a three-dimensional construct of Corporate Social Responsibility on Corporate Reputation using the legitimacy theory. Also, examine the mediating role of Corporate Reputation on the association of Corporate Social Responsibility with a price premium and purchase intention of consumers. The statistical techniques applied to the dataset were confirmatory factor analysis and partial least square structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that corporate social responsibility positively impacts a firm's cognitive and affective reputation. Further, [...]

Modern technologies play a crucial role in enhancing the productivity and competition among businesses. The construction sector has consistently been regarded as one of the sectors with less usage of social media technologies. Given this, there is increasing concern from scholars, practitioners and academia in exploring social media adoption and usage within construction firms in the small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) context. Hence, this study aims to examine the impact of social media on construction firms' performance. The study used structure questionnaire to collect data from 430 managers and employees in the construction sector in Ghana. questionnaire. Using a Partial-least-squares-structural [...]

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of leadership styles on innovative work behavior with a specific focus on the moderating role of job satisfaction. In today's rapidly changing business environment, organizations need to adapt and innovate to stay competitive. This study compares the effects of Transformational Leadership Style (TFLS) and Transactional Leadership Style (TSLS) on employee's innovation, considering the influence of job satisfaction as moderator. The research was conducted using a survey distributed to employees from leading manufacturing and export organizations in Sialkot. A sample of 200 participants was selected using purposive sampling technique. The participants [...]

The study introduces the study model enacted from the consumption values to estimate the influential factors of consumer consumption willingness. It investigates the differences between consumption willingness based on the values and development of food attitudes in a comparative study. SmartPLS-based SEM technique was used to do the estimation based on the data collected through a questionnaire-based survey. The results indicate that Chinese consumers are more concerned about ecological values and perceived knowledge, which are premier aspects that can improve the situation. Moreover, food technology neophobia inversely moderates consumer willingness to consume. Further, the American data set reveals that the [...]

Conflicts in organizations, regardless of their nature, have been reported to have deleterious impacts on performance, however, recent trends reveal researchers' interest in examining the factors that may help in curbing conflicts' negative effects on performance. To significantly contribute to the ongoing debate in the literature and provide novel insights on this important issue, this study investigates the buffering role of transformational leadership and emotional Intelligence in reducing the jeopardizing effect of team conflicts on team Performance. A study among 254 project-based employees of a private consulting organization supported our assumptions that the negative association between team conflict - categorized [...]

The present paper aims to investigate the influence of the innovational factors on the financial performance of banking sector in Pakistan. Innovational factors include; process innovation, Product innovation, digital financial innovation, Marketing innovation and organizational innovation. To serve the purpose of this research, the data was collected from 305 respondents who were working at some managerial positions at the banks in Pakistan. The data was analysed using the partial least squares - structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). The findings reveal that digital innovation is an important factor that spur the financial performance of the banks. Moreover, organizational and process innovation are [...]

The paper intents to examine the role of inclusive leadership, innovative work behavior, job autonomy and perceived organizational support in the IT sector of Pakistan. To assess the impact of inclusive leadership on innovative work behavior; impact of inclusive leadership on job autonomy and perceived organizational support; impact of perceived organizational support and job autonomy on employee innovative work behavior. Questionnaire survey was conducted to find out the results of the study, sample of 199 respondents have been collected from the IT sector of Pakistan. Inclusive leadership found to be the most important factor in order to encourage employee innovative [...]

The growing innovation in technology has introduced various ways of doing business such as offering food via food delivery app (FD-App). Considering this, the study aims to examine the factors affecting continuous intention to use FD-App (CIFD-App). The data was gathered from people of Karachi, Pakistan who had used FD-Apps, and PLS-SEM was used to test the hypotheses on a sample of 380. The findings revealed that attitude has a positive impact on CIFD-App. Moreover, perceived value also significantly affects attitude and CIFD-App. The findings also showed that all characteristics of FD-App significantly influence perceived value. The findings reveals that [...]

This study aims to investigate the factors that influence the customer loyalty among omnichannel users. Omni-channels are famous platforms that connect customers with the brands. Firms strive hard to keep this channel more interactive and supportive in order to satisfy customers and create loyalty among them. Although it is an important aspect in modern business, fewer studies have been conducted in this area to provide a comprehensive model that not only helps to create satisfaction but also loyalty among users. This research is conducted to fill in the gap and to provide theoretical and empirical evidence about how firms can [...]

Employee innovative work behavior is crucial in order to achieve organizational objectives and its success. The purpose of this research is to determine the influence of grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism on job embeddedness and employee innovative work behavior, as well as the influence of job embeddedness on innovative work behavior of mid-level managers, upper level managers, and supervisors of private organizations in IT sector of Pakistan. The researcher employed a questionnaire that utilized a set of questions that measure grandiose narcissism, vulnerable narcissism, job Embeddedness, and employee innovative work behavior. The results showed that grandiose narcissism has a significant [...]

In their role as a leader and in the process of achieving their goals, charismatic leaders incorporate various strategies to utilize certain capabilities of their followers. One form of such strategies is to manage followers cognitive dissonance. To manage others dissonance could be interpreted as acting to either reduce or induce it. In this paper, we propose that charismatic leaders may seek to, through various mechanisms, facilitate either cognitive discrepancy reduction or induction in followers. Drawing on the self-standards and the action-based models of cognitive dissonance theory, we explain how charismatic leaders are empowered to do so by the interaction [...]

The purpose of this research is to investigate the reflection of human resource (HR) practices on organizational performance by utilizing the Islamic principle as a moderating variable. The sample of the research roams around the Islamic banks of Karachi, Pakistan. The convenience sampling technique has been used to gather the responses of 242 employees working in Islamic banks. Whereas, structural equation modeling was used to study the data. The overall result of the study concluded that few human resource practices are correlated with organizational performance while sharing the positive relation such as performance appraisal system, employee involvement, and selection & [...]

Drug discovery ventures find candidate substances likely to develop into new drugs by selecting and concentrating management resources that specialize in basic and exploratory research and license them to pharmaceutical companies. They conduct R&D activities on the premise of open innovation; however, the number of their licensing cases is small. Therefore, in this study, we conducted a questionnaire survey to find variables that affect the performance of open innovation. Questionnaires were mailed to 349 drug discovery venture companies in Japan (41 addresses unknown), and valid responses were collected from 42 companies (response rate: 13.6%). Using a SEM analysis, we [...]

The purpose of current study is to identify the influence of liking of advertisement, message credibility and corporate culture fit on job satisfaction and organizational pride with evolution of organizational perceived CSR engagement as a mediator between them in the manufacturing sector Pakistan. Total of 298 responses were picked for the final analysis. SPSS and AMOS are used to get the results regarding Structural Equation Modeling as well as Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Results demonstrated that liking of advertisement has a significant relationship with job satisfaction and organizational pride. Message credibility also influences job satisfaction, but it depicts insignificant relation with [...]

The concept of employee involvement in sustainability activities (IVL) has gained attention in recent literature. Most of the prior studies on IVL have explored its outcomes; however, this research stream has paid little attention to exploring its antecedents. Moreover, the IVL phenomenon is unexplored in the context of universities. The present study addresses the gap by identifying and empirically testing the antecedents of IVL in university settings. Therefore, the study's main aim is to analyze the direct and indirect effect of ethical climate on IVL through workplace spirituality. Following the cross-sectional design, the data was collected from 294 faculty members [...]

The aim of this paper is to develop the framework of High Performance Work Systems (HPWSs) with Faculty Productivity in higher education sector by using VRIO-LDN approach of Resource Based View (RBV). Researchers have used qualitative methodology where interpretivistic philosophy is applied to explore various models and comparative studies for framework development. Researchers have searched Emerald and Wiley-Blackwell databases using multiple keywords to identify relevant articles. The findings of this paper includes the Ability enhancing, motivation enhancing and opportunity enhancing HPWSs that impact the faculty productivity through the moderator i.e. VRIO-LDN approach of RBV. The current research has addressed [...]

This study has examined the association of the brand factors with the primary concentration on brand love and its impact on word of mouth (WOM) communication. Brand love is used as a mediator. The questionnaire for the study was adapted from earlier established scales and measures which were based on five points Likert Scale. The study was concentrated on the mall-going customers in the city of Karachi. The study used a sample size of 387 and data was collected non-randomly. The response rate was 86% which showed that mall customers have a high interest on the brand. Smart PLS was [...]

Value creation has now transformed into customer-centric approach. Its focus has shifted towards the free will of customers and they are being engaged into value co-creation by means of different platforms. However within this research, experiential innovation and human experiences have received little attention and very few studies have empirically investigated resource integration. This study explains the value co-creation process within the travel industry by examining the impact of operand and operant resources on customer experiences. Data was collected from 215 customers who had previously used the services of travel agents. The results indicate that both operand and operant resources [...]

The relationship between leader-member exchange (LMX) and occupational stress has gained substantial attention in recent years. The objective of this study is two folds: a) to analyze the impact of LMX on occupational stress; and b) to investigate whether job involvement mediates the positive relationship between LMX and occupational stress. A useable sample of 342 responses is drawn from a leading multinational engineering company of the energy sector in Pakistan. LMX is measured by four dimensions i.e. affect, loyalty, perceived contribution and professional respect, whereas three dimensions are used to measure occupational stress i.e. personal resources, personal strain [...]

The surgical industry of Pakistan is observing a decline in export performance. This alarming situation is advising the in-depth investigation of factors related to surgical firm exports. The study is going to investigate the potential factors of firm export performance (FEP) in the surgical industry of Pakistan. This study has used the questionnaire to collect two hundred and four (204) responses from the manufacturing firms of surgical industry through pick and drop method. The reliability and validity of constructs of export market orientation (EMO), entrepreneurial orientation (EO), business network (BN) and FEP were examined through SPSS-25 and SmartPLS-3.2.8 [...]

Existing literature on organizational commitment and training suggest that there is a positive relationship between the two variables. However, most of the studies, are conducted in the domain of affective commitment. This study is designed to test the effect of single HR practice training and development on two dimensions of commitment (affective and normative) simultaneously in the mediation of perceived organizational support. The study adopted quantitative approach and data, were collected from nursing staff of public sector hospitals of Southern Punjab through questionnaire. The results indicated that positive relationship of training and development and both dimensions affective and normative commitment [...]

Do emotional well-being and employee engagement positively predict life satisfaction in the presence of gender differences? We conducted a cross-sectional study in top five cities of Pakistan by inviting organizational employees from service sectors (n = 198; 65% females, age = 26years-30years). The key predictors were emotional well-being and engagement with life satisfaction as the outcome variable and gender as the key moderator. Emotional well-being and engagement are positive predictors of life satisfaction. Results, moreover, showed that the effect of engagement on life satisfaction is stronger for male employees than females; however, such moderation effect could not be confirmed in [...]

English for Specific Purposes (ESP) teaching is considered a separate activity in the domain of English Language Teaching \cite{dudley1998developments}. ESP primarily aims to prepare and fulfill a set of the communicative needs of ESP learners in academic and professional contexts. These needs serve as a guide to design relevant course content and adopt appropriate teaching method with particular emphasis on the kind of English to be taught and the topics to be covered. The current study attempts to investigate through the perceptions of ESP teachers and ESP learners the effective role of subject matter specialists (henceforth SMSs) in the teaching [...]

This article presents the results of an investigation of the impact of celebrity-endorsed advertisement and entrepreneurial marketing on purchase behavior of smart phone consumers in Karachi, Pakistan. The study has conceptually shaped celebrity-endorsed advertisement as formative construct with celebrity physical attractiveness, expertise, trust, and familiarity as inclusive factors. For this purpose, total 247 sample responses were collected by convenience sampling technique. The data has been analyzed by PLS method. The results revealed that celebrity-endorsed advertisement and entrepreneurial marketing has a significant impact on purchase behavior. The study can be concluded that celebrity-endorsed advertisement and entrepreneurial marketing plays significant role in [...]

This study examines the relationships between antecedents of psychological safety at the individual, group and organizational level. The data was collected from a sample of eighty-four employees (i.e. teachers and non-teachers) working in a higher education institute (HEI) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by using a structured questionnaire. The data is analyzed with the help of correlation and regression analyses. The findings indicate that the individual level antecedents had a positive relationship with psychological safety except for adherence to norms, whereas both the group and organizational level antecedents were positively related with psychological safety. The study also discusses implications, limitations and [...]

The main aim of this research is to determine the impact of intellectual capital on the financial performance of banking sector operating in Sialkot Pakistan. Integrated intellectual capital model (IICM) was used to achieve the objective of the study. Structured questionnaire survey forms were used to collect the data from the targeted respondents. Purposive sampling technique was used to choose the targeted sample. A total of 210 out of 250 completed and usable questionnaires survey were returned. Six research hypotheses were constructed to address the objectives of this study. Smart PLS 3.0 was used to test the proposed research [...]

Considerable research has performed to link the individual development strategies into organizational performance, but less is known about the role of talent management and career development in enhancing the organizational effectiveness. In the current study, we investigate how talent management and career development direct or indirect effect organizational effectiveness. Moreover, the present study also pursues to test the mediating role of employee engagement in the association between talent management and organizational effectiveness, and career development and organizational effectiveness. Using the survey method, data was collected from permanent employees of commercial banks and the proposed model was tested through structural equation [...]

It is evident from the existing research that transformational leaders play a vital role in project success, but little is known about the channels that elaborate on this effect. To unveil one of these channels, this study supposed project teamwork as the mediator between transformational leadership and project success. To test the stated empirical relationship, data were obtained from 125 project managers working on various projects of the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. The results revealed that project teamwork partially mediates the relationship between project leadership and project success. The study has also discussed valuable implications including theoretical, practical [...]

Management either for their informative or opportunistic purposes mask the true financial information of firms which is known as earnings manipulation practices. However, in turn such practices lead to a higher cost of capital. Therefore, in this study examined the effect of earnings manipulation on cost of capital in 144 listed sample firms of Pakistan Stock Exchange for the period of 2006-2016. Used panel data approaches for analysis and the diagnostic tests procedures of panel models selection suggests that fixed effect model is the suitable model. The result reports that firms that indulge in the activities of earnings manipulation their [...]

Pakistan came into being as a truly democratic Islamic state, she was once a state with strong economy, stable government and policies. The golden principles of peace, liberty, and justice were preserved in its basic idea which led to the creation of an independent state. This research investigates the causes and impact of war against terrorism on Pakistan's economy, governance and social life. The data was collected through sources available on official websites, available literature were taken into consideration and by using a questionnaire from 320 respondents living in FATA area. Evidence is highlighted through tables, percentage values and graphs. [...]

In response to recently announced privatization of Public sector banks of Pakistan, the current study attempts to investigate the impact of perceived high performance work systems on commitment to change along with its interlinking mechanisms. A total of 1000 full-time employees were surveyed through self-administered questionnaires during August-December 2017. Out of 670 returned questionnaires, 591 completed questionnaires were analyzed. Goodness of the measures was tested by employing Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Proposed Hypotheses were tested through Structural Model in AMOS. The data largely substantiated by our theoretical framework. The findings revealed that the perceptions of economic exchange fully mediate the relation [...]

This study addressed the generalizeablity concerns raised by few in leader-member exchange (LMX)-outcomes relationships and provided a solution in the form of a new mediator and a new moderator using cross-fertilization of LMX and social identity theory (SIT). The study aimed at investigating the indirect effects of LMX and job performance (JP) through organizational identification (OI) using social identity theory. The study also examined conditional indirect effects of supervisors' organizational embodiment (SOE) on LMX and JP through OI. The study used data based on a convenience sample from 411 employees in three time lags. Mediation and moderated mediation tests were [...]

This study analyzes the impact of these three cognitive forces (occupational stress, interpersonal trust and organizational commitment) on valence, Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and job satisfaction in the healthcare sector of Karachi (Pakistan). A sample of 375 responses is drawn from seven healthcare institutions of Karachi on a self-administered questionnaire. Using PLS-SEM, hypotheses and predictive relevance are tested with bootstrapping method and cross-validated redundancy analysis respectively. The results show that all three cognitive forces have significant impact on valence with the minor exception of affective commitment and strain. Moreover, valence has significant impact on both OCB has also shown a [...]

Small and Medium- sized enterprises (SMEs) have emerged as building block for the growth of economies all around the globe. Pakistani SMEs are playing a similar role in the development of the country. However, in Pakistan, poor SME performance is due to a high failure rate of newly established firms. It has further been observed that leaders and employees- both, play a crucial role for the success of any firm. In SMEs the workers and leaders work in close contact. Therefore, the success of the SME is also dependent upon such Interpersonal factors. Moreover, today's new era has emerged as [...]

Impulsive buying in online setting has become an epidemic as it represents a noteworthy proportion of online shopping. Impulsive buying behaviors with upcoming avenues for future research are under the constant considerations of academicians and practitioners. Despite abundant research on impulsive buying behavior in online context, research scholars demand for further research and empirical evidences for better understanding of the phenomenon. It is therefore worthy question to examine impulsive buying behaviors in online setting. This study seeks to model and empirically examine cognitive aspects as a precursor of emotional aspects that ultimately lead towards impulsive buying actions. This study used [...]

This study aims at examining the relationship amongst motivation theories applied by universities on employee retention and their performance. It is an interesting insight in the current era in terms of realizing that motivation theories still have their impact on management practices. Retaining employees and managing their performance to the best level has always remained a dream for managers. The methodology adopted is quantitative using a closed ended questionnaire which helped in response generation from 219 teaching and non-teaching university employees. Results revealed that managers who used theory X approach to manage employee retention and performance had weaker outcomes than [...]

Maximizing profitability is an important prerequisite for dealing with rising competition in the microfinance industry and ensuring long term sustainability. While profitability measurement is more commonly based on ratio analysis technique, the current study uses a non-parametric linear programming tool known as Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for this purpose. This study makes a contribution to the existing research on the profitability of microfinance providers (MFPs), by investigating the Pakistan-based operations of a set of MFPs. The results of the analysis reveal considerable potential for improvement in the profit efficiency of a number of selected MFPs. [...]

Internet banking is gaining popularity in Malaysia due to its convenience which is achieved by unique business interactions between banking institutions and customers via websites and mobile applications. However, the incredible escalation of internet fraud cases has caused increased privacy and security risks for internet banking customers. Based on a review of literature, this paper developed a research framework to gauge the impact of customer perception about the effectiveness of biometrics technology on perceived privacy and security and its influence on trust and intention to continue internet banking. In light of the growing viability of biometrics technology as a solution [...]

Economic forecasting, both specific and general, is a crucial part of economic planning for a country. It is required to effectively deal with uncertainity as well as possible negative impact of proposed policies in future. Therefore, correct predictions will improve the effectiveness of the decision-making process. This study is a pioneering attempt to forecast aggregate and regional trade of Pakistan by using annual time series data from 1974 to 2014. With the help of fan chart, aggregate and regional trade of Pakistan have been forecast from 2015 to 2020. Fan chart provides ranges of forecast at different levels of significance [...]

Individual feelings of energy (IFE), creative work involvement (CWI) and leader-member exchange (LMX) are understudied areas in Pakistan. The purposes of this study are: a) to analyze the mediating role of LMX on the relationship between IFE and CWI; and b) to evaluate whether the LMX relationship mediates differently for non-managerial staff, supervisors, middle and senior managers. A sample of 300 responses is drawn from the manufacturing companies of Karachi using a questionnaire administered to them. Exploratory factor analysis is used to extract three orthogonal constructs (namely, IFE, CWI, and LMX) and their convergent and discriminant validity are established through [...]

The degree of international financial integration has seen a drastic change recently, especially during the last two decades. This study attempts to explore the relationship between international financial integration and economic growth in the context of Pakistan through a sample of data from 1975 to 2013 using time series analysis. International financial integration is used as an index that comprises foreign direct investment, remittances, and external debts. The results indicate that international financial integration has a significant and negative effect on economic growth. Cointegration results have found a significant and long run relationship, whereas variance decomposition method shows bidirectional causal [...]

The purpose of the study is to investigate the impact of the Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) plus on a household income of Pakistan. The European Union, the largest trading partner of Pakistan, granted the status of GSP plus to Pakistan in December 2013. The study has used MyGTAP, developed by \citeA{minor2013mygtap} to calculate the impact at household level. This MyGTAP model uses the data of the latest available Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) to make changes in the standard GTAP by including multiple types of household and labor. The main findings of the simulations, run under MyGTAP model show a [...]

The study addresses the question ``How do the financial markets perceive and price internationally issued Islamic bonds?'' It is examined by empirically testing for the evidence of co-integration of sukuk yields with the US Treasury yields using Vector Error Correction (VEC) models. Our results indicate that the sukuk yields are highly co-integrated with the US Treasury yields in long-term relationships. The short-term dynamics of the sukuk yields with the interest rate series is, however, complex showing bi-directional influences. We infer that the international financial markets are viewing and pricing sukuk in a manner similar to that for the conventional [...]

This article has been retracted : ........... The purpose of this study is to analyze the linkage between economic growth, financial development, and international trade for Saudi Arabia over the period of 1968-2015. The integration order among the series was analyzed by using structural break unit root tests. The long-run relationship was examined by using the ARDL bounds testing approach. The robustness of the ARDL bounds testing approach was confirmed by using the Bayer-Hanck combined cointegration method. The results confirm the long-run relationship among the variables. International trade appears to be the driver of economic growth, while financial development affects economic [...]

The first Issue of Volume 4 of the Journal of Management Sciences presents a diverse selection of research papers in the field of business management offering valuable insights into the business and management studies. The current issue focuses on economic and management issues in Asia. In first paper \citeA{M_K_2017} found that implementing biometrics technology in Internet banking clearly improves the relationship between perceived security and privacy. This in turn leads to greater intentions to continue using Internet banking among the customers. Authors recommended that biometrics technology features should be included in Internet banking system which will encourage the banking users [...]

It is an immense pleasure and honour for us to announce that the Journal of Management Sciences (JMS) has been added to Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) Master Journal List with indexing in Emerging Source Citation Index (ESCI). This makes JMS, the only research journal of Pakistani Business School (IQRA University) available on the Web of Science. Our next aim is to take JMS to ISI Social Science Citation Index (SSCI) and later to Journal Citation Record (JCR) with a good ISI Impact Factor. As editors, we also value the feedback which shows that both authors and reviewers are pleased [...]

This study investigates the Carbon dioxide emission-urbanization-growth nexus in Pakistan by taking time series data from the period of 1972 to 2013. The study applied three approaches of co-integration (ARDL bounds test, Johansen and Juselius and Gregory and Hansen structural break test) to confirm the valid long-run positive interaction between carbon dioxide emission and urbanization. The robustness of cointegrating vectors are further checked using FMOLS and DOLS tests and the results validate the long-run coefficients. The results of VDM exhibit the uni-directional causality between carbon dioxide emission and urbanization running from urbanization to carbon dioxide emission. It was therefore noted [...]

This paper evaluates and compares the performance of Sharia-compliant banks with their conventional counterparts operating in Pakistan. Data of five full-fledged Islamic Banks(IBs) and fifteen Conventional Banks (CBs), all from Pakistan, have been used for the study. Study period comprises of six years from year 2008 to year 2013. Bank's orientation, efficiency, quality of assets and stability are the measures used to compare the performance of Shariah-compliant and conventional banks. The Islamic Banks in Pakistan are younger in age and smaller in size compared to the Conventional Banks. Based on the financial ratios of two types of banks, we find [...]

From an economic perspective, energy-output relationship studies have become increasingly popular in recent times, partly fuelled by a need to understand the effect of energy on production outputs rather than overall GDP. This study dealt with disaggregated energy consumption and outputs of some major economic sectors in Thailand. ARDL bound testing approach was employed to examine the co-integration relationship. The Granger causality test of the aforementioned ARDL framework was done to investigate the corresponding causality effect. Results showed that, from year 1980 to 2010, productivity of most scrutinized industries was highly reliant on crude oil and natural gas. However, coal [...]

The objective of the study is to present the influence of Electricity Generation on Real GDP and Real Exports of Pakistan using time series data from 1972 to 2014. The results of Johansen Co-integration test revealed that Electricity Generation, Employed Labour Force, Gross Fixed Capital Formation and Terms of Trade have a positive influence on while Exchange Rate is having negative relationship with Real GDP. In other model, Electricity Generation, Employed La- bor Force, Gross Fixed Capital Formation, Relative Prices are evidence of increasing real Exports. On the other side, Exchange Rate is negatively associated with real Exports of Pakistan. [...]

Advertisement through SMS is a commonly used medium in the era of technology. Companies are utilizing this medium of advertisement quite frequently. Rapid increase of the usage of mobile phones has developed an innovative way of utilizing this marketing tool. Due to the exponential growth in telecommunication industry after introduction of SMS and MMS, this study has been conducted to investigate the consumer attitude towards SMS advertisement and its relationship with behavior. Entertainment, irritation, product involvement and appeal were used in order to investigate the attitude of the consumer. A questionnaire was used to examine the relationships among variables of [...]

This study examines the impact of sectoral foreign direct investment on the industrial economic growth of Pakistan, by means of Cobb-Douglas production function. Three sectors were used namely manufacturing, construction, mining & quarrying for panel data during the period of 1997 to 2011. This study used three standard panel unit root tests; PP statistics panel unit root, ADF statistic, IPS panel unit root test. Moreover, to test the cointegration between the variables, three dierent types of test were used for the panel cointegration test based on Johansen sher, Kao residual cointegration, Pedroni residual cointegration tests to nd the long run [...]

This paper examines how satisfaction, brand image, price, packaging and perceived quality influence brand loyalty. A self-administered questionnaire through mall intercept method was used for survey purpose. Valid sample size was 300 comprising all adults and both genders. The constructs used in this study had established reliabilities. After ascertaining the normality of data a typical multiple step procedure was adopted which is inclusive of identifying outliers, ascertaining normality of the data, reliability analysis, validity analyses, CFA for all the constructs through structural equation modeling (SEM), and testing the overall model through SEM. Derived hypotheses results were assessed on SEM's output [...]

The study uses overall index of globalization developed by \cite{dreher2006does} in which all three types of integration were utilized such as political, economic and social integration. The data of three south Asian countries like Pakistan, India and Bangladesh were taken for the period from 1981 to 2011. Initially, stationary properties of selected variables were checked through conventional unit root tests such as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Perron (PP) test followed by ordinary least square (OLS), granger causality is applied and finally long-run relationship among variables were confirm by employing Johansen test of cointegration i.e. trace test and [...]

Of the major shortcomings exposed during the 2008 global financial crisis, there are two aspects that have attracted much interest among academics: the under-appreciation of the complexity of new operations at large financial institutions and the inadequate oversight of basic prudential supervision by regulatory agencies. To provide a brief focus on elements of these aspects, this paper presents corresponding case studies involve the fall of two of the largest finance companies ever existed: American International Group and Lehman Brothers Holdings. A survey of related historical arguments shows that while AIG fails due largely to its extended involvement in the new [...]

This paper examines how media exposure, self esteem, and religiosity influence body image of Pakistan consumers. The underpinning of this study is based on Social Comparison Theory with two additional variables (religiosity and self esteem) for understanding understand consumer attitude towards body image. A self administered questionnaire was used. 193 persons responded at mall intercepts. The Conceptual framework was empirically tested through SEM. A positive relationship between exposure to media and body image was found while negative influence was found between self esteem and body image. No relationship was found between religiosity and body image. The results showed mixed outcomes [...]

This paper attempts to study the impact of pre-specified set of macroeconomic factors on firm's stock returns for nine nonfinancial sectors listed in Karachi Stock Exchange. The macroeconomic factors included are consumer price index, industrial production index, market returns, risk free return and money supply. The studied sample covers data from 2001 to 2011. Panel analysis using pooled OLS shows that all studied sectors firm's stock returns have negative relationship with consumer price index, money supply and risk free rate, whereas industrial production index and market returns indicates a positive relationship. The results of this study have important implications for [...]

The purpose of this paper is to examine the determinants of brand equity of QMobile users. A random survey was taken using a systematic sampling of colleges and universities in a metropolitan city, Karachi, Pakistan. The questionnaire was used to collect data. The impact of each determinant was explored by using factor analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results suggested that all the determinants have a signicant impact on brand equity whereas brand response has no impact on brand equity dimension. [...]

Online purchase, in the clothing industry of Pakistan, is on a historical high. There are various factors that affect the brand trust of online consumers. This research is aimed to find the correlation between security and privacy of personal information, name of the brand, word-of-mouth, prior online experience and information quality on the one hand and the online brand trust of consumers on the other. The study is conducted in relation to a single brand, named Gul Ahmed. The sample for this study contained 387 respondents. The results of the study show that all these factors have a significant relationship [...]

This study aims to test the feasibility of using a data set of 90-day bank bill forward rates from the Australian market to predict spot interest rates. To achieve this goal I utilized the application of Kalman lter in a state space model with time-varying state variable. It is documented that in the case of short-term interest rates,the state space model yields robust predictive power. In addition, this predictive power of implied forward rate is heavily impacted by the existence of a time-varying risk premium in the term structure. [...]

Community Resilience is instrumental in building a strong nation-state. It is the long-term potential of communities to resist, adapt to, and emerge from adversity. This underlying research intends to examine community resilience with the causal effect of a six-modular approach (SMA) and the moderating effect of two variables, i.e., Social Group and Guardianship. The six modular approach (SMA) consists of five independent variables: higher education, healthcare, economic well-being, preservation of social capital, and inclusive communication. Moreover, good governance serves the role of a mediator in the study. The COVID-19 pandemic posed significant challenges to countries around the world, including [...]

This paper examines the effectiveness of different CSR communication messages in improving consumers' brand attitudes. Drawing from interaction theory, media richness theory, and social identity theory, we investigate the effects of CSR identification and brand attitude as key factors influencing the effectiveness of CSR communication. Through the analysis of 354 valid questionnaires collected from two experiments, we find that communication interactivity positively influences consumers' brand attitudes, with CSR identification partially mediating this relationship. Moreover, we observe that media richness enhances the positive relationship between CSR communication interactivity, CSR identification, and brand attitudes. This study contributes to the existing research on [...]

Socially responsible human resource management in tourism and hospitality has been the focus of modern research because individuals have become more aware of the need to adopt environmentally friendly tourist and hospitality services. Hence, the need to focus on environmental performance has been accelerated in the present era. Therefore, the present research is designed to explore how employees' environmental performance is enhanced through Socially Responsible HRM practices. For this purpose, "Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM)" has been employed through Smart PLS. The model is developed on the Social Cognitive Theory. The outcomes portray that socially responsible human resource [...]

In order to strengthen the relationship between manufacturers and their suppliers, it is necessary to focus on the level of trust between them and how this trust can be made stronger. This review paper tries to determine whether the constructs of ''transaction cost economics'' like ''asset specificity'' and the '' legal contracts'' possess any effect on trust in a manufacturer-supplier relationship. Furthermore, it will also find that whether this relation is positive or negative in nature. The study is a systematic literature review based on the already published literature. Result of this study suggests that out of seven specific assets, [...]

This study examines the chatbot marketing relationship with electronic word of mouth from the customer response. The population of Pakistan is more familiar with internet surfing and most of them are mobile users. The data was collected by using a seven-point Likert scale from 120 users who might have some experience in using the chatbot marketing tool. This study uses structural equation modeling by using SmartPLS version 3.2.9 for data analysis. The results show chatbot marketing efforts are directly linked with communication qualities while indirectly linked with customer-brand relationships. The result also shows that customer-brand relationships are directly [...]

The world is witnessing an accelerated shift towards Electric Vehicles (EV) and Plug in Hybrid Vehicles (PHEV). At the same time, vehicle manufacturers face many challenges when they in-troduce high-tech electric vehicles in emerging markets. Focusing on Kuwait as an emerging market for electric vehicles, this exploratory research examines the components of value for the car dealers and car owners. The results of the study indicate that there is a potential market for high-end EVs manufactured by famous marques which have dealerships in Kuwait. They also indicate that high-end consumers would consider buying fully-equipped EVs as second or third cars [...]

The coronavirus pandemic has resulted in an extraordinary shock to businesses with unfavorable effects for current production capacity. At the same time, technology has increasingly been advocated as a crucial method for minimizing economic losses from the pandemic. Small and medium-sized enterprises survival and lack of longevity continue to spark public debate, scholarly interest, concerns and attention. Inadequate technology capability is one of the key problems to which this may be attributed. The relationship between Technological capability (TC) and firm performance was examined amongst selected small and medium-sized enterprises in Lagos State. This paper conducted a survey research approach, using [...]

Based on attribution theory and cultural identification theory, we constructed a stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) model with corporate social responsibility (CSR) disclosures as antecedents and knowledge-sharing behavior (KSB) as a result to explain the underlying mechanisms of different kinds of CSR disclosures and users' KSB in the context of the Chinese Internet. Three hundred and fifty-eight valid responses to a survey questionnaire were analyzed. The results of this study show that CSR disclosures have a positive impact on CSR altruistic attribution, CSR identification, and KSB. External CSR (ECSR) disclosures have a more significant and positive impact on the above variables compared to [...]

Extant literature suggests that opinion leaders promote brand advocacy, an innovative tool for changing organizational culture. A few studies have explored the association between opinion leaders and brand advocacy but have not examined its antecedent and consequence in a single study. Given this gap and others discussed in the study, it has extended Two-Step Flow Model and developed a conceptual framework containing four direct, two mediating, and two moderating variables. The study has focused on the Facebook users of Pakistan as it is more popular than other social media. We non-randomly collected 431 samples based on a self-administered questionnaire adapted [...]

Using a sizable sample of data from the Pakistan Stock Exchange, the study explores the relationship between five risk indicators and portfolio stock returns as well as the mediating function of consumer confidence. The analysis is based on a five-factor model developed by Fama and French (2015) that incorporates time-series ordinary least square regression and structural equation modelling approaches. Market estimates show a statistically significant relationship with portfolio excess returns in terms of size, value, profitability, and investment risk-premia. Nevertheless, Consumer Confidence, a mediating and independent variable in Pakistani non-financial firms, is insignificant in capturing the variation of portfolio returns. [...]

The study is cross-cultural and finds out the career concepts such as protean career and career success as practiced in the developed economies. A protean career mindset calls for professionals in the advanced economies looking to switch tasks, departments, and acquire new skills, so as to remain employable. Furthermore, the traditional paternalistic model of career movement by working for one employer during a lifetime is gradually losing its form. However, more developing counties need to be studied so as to figure out the protean career orientation as leading to their career success. The research was conducted with academics working in [...]

This research seeks to draw attention to risk tolerance and customer equity on behavioral loyalty among securities investors. The main purpose of the present study is to examine the influence of risk tolerance as a regulatory variable on the relationship between customer equity and behavioral loyalty of investors in the Stocks Exchange of Thailand (SET). The sample group is 1,208 investors at high and low levels of risk tolerance in all four regions: the north, south, east and northeast parts of Thailand. The study was conducted in two main stages. First, the model of structural equation of the relationship [...]

The purpose of this study is to determine how service firms use social media in their marketing strategy. Specifically, three parts of marketing strategy are analysed: the communication mix used by service firms; the management of customer relationships and new service development (NSD). Results from 18 businesses in 3 service industries (fitness, tourism and education) show that only about half of the businesses employ a qualified manager for social media. However, all sample companies measure social media effectiveness. Although all participant businesses promote their offers in various social media and cultivate intimate relationships with customers, using social media for developing [...]

Based on social cognitive theory and life cycle hypothesis, this paper investigates the impact of financial literacy on saving behavior with mediating role of self-efficacy. Data was collected from 342 respondents by using self-administered questionnaire. Multiple regression analysis was applied to test the hypotheses while Preacher and Hayes (2004) method was used to estimate the mediation effect. Results of this study indicate that financial literacy positively associated with saving behavior suggesting high financial literacy leads to enhance positive saving behavior. It is also observed that financial literacy positively impacts self-efficacy and increases individual's confidence in taking financial decisions. In line [...]

This study aims to revisit the influence of communication sources on consumer mindset and on resulting consumer behavior. More specifically, the study addresses the impact of social media and traditional media on brand image and awareness and their impact on brand attitude. The study further determines the impact of brand attitude on purchase intention. By using a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, the data was collected from the consumers of Karachi, Pakistan and on 302 useful responses, the structural equation modeling (SEM) technique was employed to test the hypotheses. Results revealed that brand image only affects brand attitude and brand attitude [...]

Start-ups although small, are great contributors in any economy. Marketing being essential function for their survival, this study aims to examine the use of digital marketing by start-up companies in India using two models TPB and TAM. The Proposed conceptual theoretical model is being tested empirically using a data comprised of 282 founders/owners of start-up companies, collected through structured questionnaire. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) is carried out for model fitness and structural equation modeling for path regression analysis. The results of the study suggest that perceived usefulness of digital marketing, attitude towards digital marketing, and perceived behavioral control of the [...]

The purpose of this research is to study a new dimension in the research base of employee's intention to sabotage. Its purpose is to elaborate on the impact of abusive supervision and grapevine on employees' intention to sabotage with employee cynicism as the mediator. The review of the literature conducted explains and highlights the role of an employee's intention to sabotage. Study indicates that abusive supervision and grapevine has a positive relationship with the employee's intention to sabotage and that the employee cynicism creates full mediation between abusive supervision, grapevine, and intention to sabotage. The limitation of the study is [...]

The economic face of gender inequality is not new; it existed in extreme forms and manifestations in the past also. Over the years, gender inequality has been translated in several forms, which include invisibility, glass ceiling, pink ceiling, wage gap, hindrances in career growth and access to capacity building. The developed world is also struggling to address issues of gender inequality and sustainable economic growth. Countries that have overcome this, are on high growth trajectories. Pakistan poses a dismal picture, low female labor force and economic participation remains a major contributor to Pakistan's low GDP. The issue of economic gender [...]

In all those functions which require cognitive thought process, trainability is recently recognized as a major problem for managers. Despite considerable amount of investment in training and development, managers often remain unsuccessful to transfer the training contents to others in their organizations. This paper analyzes a) the impact of perceived professional learning, supervisor support, and peer support on job satisfaction and in turn, on the transfer of training; and b) whether job satisfaction mediates the relationship between three variables (perceived professional learning, supervisor support, and peer support), and transfer of training. A useable sample of 384 managers is drawn from [...]

Despite the academic value of factor analysis (FA) on Likert scale data, its statistical legality has been relentlessly questioned by professional statisticians. This article reviews relevant literature and proposes a statistically appropriate method of getting most out of FA on Likert scale. The review shows that a larger sample size is an important consideration in improving the appropriateness of FA on LS as it improves the solution in terms of normality, communalities and loadings. Further, a 7-9 point or greater scale to account for normality, an alpha level of 0.01 or 0.005, polychoric correlation instead of Pearson's are [...]

This study explored the most significant factors of the Employee Performance Management System (EPMS) of the Commercial Banks in Bangladesh. A questionnaire survey was conducted on 378 bankers of public and private commercial banks, and the structural equation modeling technique was used for statistical analysis. The study explored five dimensions of EPMS with 15 significant variables. Freedom to choose individual assignment was found to be the priority, followed by relationship development and active engagement issue of EPMS. Top management of the banks should empower millennial generation bankers to stay mentally energized and reframe their EPMS to engage the employees in [...]

In contrast to the much examined external factors as determinants of SME success, the present study brought focus on the entrepreneurial psychological context. This research examines the impact of individual entrepreneurial orientation on the success of SMEs in Pakistan. Moreover, this study emphasize the role of `action' as a linking bridge to psychological factors and entrepreneurial outcomes, through the role of action characteristics (access to finance, social network, exploration activities, and response performance). Based on 182 responses obtained through a stratified sample of manufacturing SMEs, multiple mediation analysis was used to test the mediation. The results indicated that individual entrepreneurial [...]

Perceived employability is the workers' perception of comfortably getting a recruitment opportunity. This paper investigates role breadth self-efficacy and organization based self-esteem as important antecedents of individuals' perceived employability and tests its subsequent relationship with their career success. We collected primary data from 233 respondents working into banking, insurance, and health industries sectors in southern Punjab Pakistan. The results reveal that individuals' role breadth self-efficacy and organization based self-esteem are positively related to their employability perception which further plays a mediating role in the relationship between self-efficacy and employee career success and self-esteem and employee career success. Important theoretical and [...]

Effective utilization of agricultural credit effects repaying behavior of farmers and in turn leads towards non-performing loans (NPLs). The NPLs decrease profitability of banks and decrease financial credibility and motivation of farmers. This paper aims to determine the factors which may influence delay in loan repayment among small scale farmers in Sahiwal zone, Pakistan. Proportionate random sampling technique has been adopted by which 110 defaulters were randomly selected from 11 branches of Zarai Taraqiati Bank (ZTBL), which is a leading agriculture development bank of Pakistan. In addition, 30 credit officers were selected from each branch of ZTBL. The primary data [...]

This research work addresses the issue of improving the tax-compliance behaviour of the small business owners. Theocratical framework of this paper is based on two theories, Slippery Slope framework and Theory of Planned Behaviour. With the help of these two theories the aim of this research is to explore the determinants of the tax-compliance behaviour and to improve the tax-payers behaviour specially of small business owners. Data was collected from 340 small business owners those were operative in major cities of Pakistan i.e. Karachi, Islamabad (Pindi), Lahore, Multan and Faisalabad. This study is significant as it can help the [...]

This research analyses the importance of recognizing cultural factors in order to shape CSR Perceptions of employees to derive higher levels of employee's engagement. Hofstede's five cultural dimensions were explored in Pakistani context through a thorough review of the literature on the relationship between national culture, CSR Perceptions and employee's engagement, which were then contextually presented in the form of a hypothesized model. Primary data collection was done by administering questionnaires to 192 employees from technological industry of Pakistan. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) using latest ADANCO Software was employed to statistically validate the relationship between the variables. [...]

This study investigates the role of training and development methods in improving the empowerment and professionalism among the banking industry of Pakistan. It also determines the comparison between the modern and traditional methods in private and public banks. Using purposive and convenient sampling techniques, total 380 responses were gathered from professionals working in the banking sector of Pakistan. The results showed in that private banks, professionalism and empowerment significantly get improved under modern methods in contrast with traditional methods at public banks. Moreover, findings also revealed that professionalism and empowerment are positively affected by the modern methods of training whereas [...]

This is a phenomenological study which has explored the structural meaning of empowerment from the women perspective, and secondly, it would discuss the tie between women, access to microcredit, and micro-entrepreneurship. The main objective of this study to extract the women lived experiences that how they feel empowered when the financial inclusion is entered into their lives. There is a strong need of women empowerment because of cultural influences, social taboos, and religious misleading interpretations which lead women towards the journey of disempowerment. This study is based on the abductive research strategy being qualitative in nature; hermeneutics phenomenological philosophy is [...]

This research is aimed to study the role of demographic and external factors on the intentions of business students in Pakistan to become future entrepreneurs. Self-developed semi-structured questionnaires were prepared and data was collected from the final year students in two leading business institutes of Pakistan. The primary data collected during interviews and focus group sessions were analyzed through thematic analysis. The findings and analysis of this study suggest that we cannot ignore the importance of any of the defined factors as stated in the propositions on the development of entrepreneurial intentions of business students in Pakistan. Neither family business, [...]

Today ads are no more one-sided communication but a mixture of online and offline channels developed for the sake of direct interaction with the communities. YouTube in specific and other online video platforms in general have shifted paradigm of TV commercials altogether for many brands.Just like other product brands, smartphone brands have also their presence on social media including YouTube and have their channels at it. The smartphone online ads on YouTube gain millions of views, thousands of likes, and dislikes, comments and replies to these comments.However, these quantitative metrics cannot necessarily be seen as an indicator of [...]

Research in the past has highlighted the need for exploring organizational contextual factors that impact the overall performance management system in general and performance appraisal system in particular. Current research has tried to develop a comprehensive framework of organizations' contextual factors that can impact procedural justice in performance management system. Propositions have been given to elaborate the impact of those organizational contextual factors on procedural justice in performance management system according to the socio-economic conditions of the market. Study offers a detailed insight through a systematic literature review on the factors that can enhance the performance and satisfaction at the [...]

This study explores the relationship between eco labels and eco conscious consumer behavior for green products. Mediation effect of consumer trust regarding green products and their concern for the sustainability of environment have also been analyzed. There are many researches regarding consumers' evaluation of green products and consumer behavior, but no substantial research has been done on the effects of understanding eco labels on eco-conscious consumer behavior. Eco labels are the essential sources of information regarding products' features and focus on providing information about less detrimental effects of green products on environment. Data of respondents have been collected through convenience [...]

This study investigated the effect of protean career orientation on individual's perceived employability. This is the first study of its nature which tried to establish the relationship between protean career orientation and perceived employability. We used protean career theory to develop our conceptual framework. Data were collected from the academic staff of private sector universities by using the stratified sampling technique. Theoretical model was tested using the data obtained from 192 respondents. Measurement model is tested by using the confirmatory factor analysis. To test our hypothesized model, we employed structural equation modelling technique in AMOS 21. The researcher found a [...]

Several studies have debated over the prevalence of Common Method Variance (CMV) in organizational research. This paper highlights various procedural and statistical remedies to assess and control common method variance in any organizational study. It has been recognized that Common Method Variance (CMV) may significantly influence the research findings if it is not controlled properly through procedural and statistical remedies. However, researchers usually do not use all procedural remedies to remove potential impacts of CMV. Therefore, statistical remedies are strongly suggested to control and remove effects of CMV from data analysis. We have mentioned some common and effective statistical remedies [...]

Many have highlighted the importance of a context-based understanding of HRM in developing countries. We take stock of Pakistan-based HRM literature to examine its context-orientation. Based on the typology of Neuman (2000), we divide the literature into three streams--the positivist, the interpretivist, and the critical. Our analysis reveals that the positivist stream endorses the adoption of Western HRM practices in Pakistan without considering its differences from the West, whereas, the critical stream takes a cynical stance towards the very existence and function of HR departments in Pakistan, thereby undermining the importance of any improvements in the prevailing systems. The interpretive [...]

Mobile advertising has gained substantial momentum in the past decade as it is expected to surpass more than 100 billion dollars in the near future. However, this domain seems to be insufficient in empirical testing. Hence, the aim of the current research was to empirically examine the determinants of mobile marketing having impact on consumers' attitude. These factors were also mediated by emotional value in order to accomplish consumers' related behavioral outcomes. A quantitative approach based upon a cross-sectional administered survey was employed to collect the data from 343 university going student as respondents. The Partial Least Square (PLS) two-step [...]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of Attitude towards Television (ATTV) on consumers' Environmental Concern (EC) and perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) in developing countries. The model developed for the study further shows the impact of perceived consumer effectiveness (PCE) and consumers' attitude towards green purchase (ATGP) on their green purchase intention (GPI). Data from 574 respondents were collected through an online questionnaire and the hypothesized causal relationships were tested using structure equation modeling (SEM). The findings of the study revealed that ATTV has a significant impact on consumers' PCE and EC. EC was found to have [...]

In light of the increasing integration between China and Hong Kong, this paper develops a new market sentiment index for the Hong Kong stock market, one of the largest stock market in the world. The components of the sentiment measure includes the turnover ratio, short-selling volume, money flow, HIBOR and return of the U.S. and Japanese markets. We also include the Shanghai and Shenzhen Composite index in our measure to capture the influence of Chinese markets on the Hong Kong market. A threshold regression model using the sentiment index as a threshold variable is estimated to capture the state [...]

The purpose of this study is not only to test the effects of group affiliation on capital structure decisions of Pakistani firms but also to compare the determinants of capital structure of group's affiliated firms with those of independent firms. This study also investigates the differences in the financial decision of both group affiliates and independent firms during the period of the energy crisis.Using the 2-step GMM method, this study finds that business group affiliated firms use relatively more debt financing as compared to independent firms in Pakistan. Overall, this study verifies the existence of standard determinants as suggested [...]

This study explores the benefits associated with the international portfolio diversification among BRICS-P economies. The dynamics of the globe are changing, and the economic transformations have made the emerging economies a prominent center for investments. The possibility of international diversification among the BRICS-P economies may help the investors in maximizing their utilities by earning a higher return with a given level of risk. To assess the benefits of diversification and to explore the long-term and short-term dynamics of the selected stock markets, this study uses Auto Regressive Distributive Lag (ARDL) approach. The findings show that substantial portfolio diversification benefits exist [...]

The editorial board of Journal of Management Science (JMS) has recommended to limit the scope of the Journal. Currently the scope of the journal is covering almost all areas of Business and Economics (management, marketing, human resource, economics, financial economics, banking, finance, operations management, supply chain, etc.). However, from volume 5 issue 1, JMS will only publish research articles falling in the new scope of the journal which includes all aspects of management related to strategy, entrepreneurship, innovation, information technology, and supply chain as well as all functional areas of business, such as marketing, and operations. The current issue [...]

Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan has been endeavoring to raise the quality of research in Pakistan and they have selected research journals as a tool to enhance research capabilities. Every year a team of HEC's eminent scholars evaluate and approve list of research journals which meet the HEC criteria for recognition. One criterion for the evaluation of journal is bibliometric indicators. Though different bibliometric indicators are available but HEC uses Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)Impact Factor, to evaluate Higher Education Institute (HEI), scientific research, entire journals, and individual articles.

Understanding the ISI Impact Factor and the [...]

Prior research on high performance management practices (HPMP) has primarily examined the relationship between HPMP and firm performance in the context of large organisations. However, this study examines the relationship between HPMP and Sustainability outcomes (firm performance) in small and medium-size enterprises (SMEs) and also within a specific cultural background which is under researched. This research study is related to both theory and practice. The main relevance lies in analyzing the relationship between HPMP and sustainability outcomes in SMEs. This research study relates to theory by applying the resource-based view and configurational approaches used in this study. The study employed [...]

Impulse purchasing is a universal yet seldom discussed phenomenon. This research study was oriented with the objective to identify the double-mediated relationship between impulse purchasing behavior and fashion orientation through hedonic consumption and emotions. To achieve this objective, survey research method was deployed and data had been collected from 231 general fashion consumers of Karachi. Process macro developed by Hayes (2012) was used as a statistical tool in order to study the relationship between the studied variable. The results suggest that hedonic consumption and positive emotions fully mediates the relationship between fashion orientation and impulse purchasing. The implications portrayed that [...]

This study explores the management and governance interaction in a child care setting. Globally the importance of women in the workforce and the education of young children has shone the spotlight on child care. Most child care research focuses on the education of the child. However, the management and governance of the centres can influence the staffing, resources and culture of the centre, which in turn can affect the care of the children. Further, limited government funding in the sector also heightens the need to understand the impact of management and governance. The findings, from a participant-observer research approach, highlight [...]

With increased market competition, organizations have devoted much effort to retaining talented employees. As a consequence, a considerable amount of research attention has been paid to investigating an employee's willingness to remain within a particular working environment through the lens of the three-dimensional organizational commitment framework (i.e. affective, continuance, and normative commitment). Unfortunately, little is known about factors contributing to the formation of employee normative commitment. Thus, we seek to develop a theoretical model describing how employees' normative commitment may be affected by receipt of helping behavior, the norm of reciprocity, team-member exchange, and individualism/collectivism. In particular, we propose [...]

While fiscal policy has been operated counter-cyclically in most of the developed countries (DCs), the reverse trend has been found in most of the low income developing countries (LDCs). This conclusion has been drawn in the literature during the past decades based on the correlation between fiscal and business cycle indicators. This phenomenon of LDCs is more pronounced during recessions due to the limitations in the credit markets as well as other social political distortions. This paper is the first effort to introduce an empirical investigation on the cyclical behavior of fiscal instruments in Vietnam using Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) [...]

The shift towards technological era has caused services to adopt technology to increase customer satisfaction. Although much work has been done on offline brand dimension of newspapers and its effect towards website satisfaction, website trust and website loyalty; this paper focuses on how offline brand dimension of newspaper effects website satisfaction, website trust and website loyalty in the Pakistani context. The mediating effect of Offline Brand Dimension of newspaper on Website Trust and Website Satisfaction has also been studied in this paper. Offline Brand Dimensions has been studied as a result of four factors which include: Brand Trust, Brand Satisfaction, [...]

Concept of celebrity endorsement evolved in last few decades and it has strengthened its roots. Companies spend millions of dollar on celebrity endorsement. Marketers are trying to identify the impact of celebrity endorsement on companies' profitability and advertising objectives. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of vicarious role model such as showbiz celebrity or sports celebrity on purchase intentions, brand loyalty and positive word of mouth among young adults of Karachi. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data through survey research method and data was collected from 252 students by using convenience sampling technique. Factor analysis [...]

This exploratory study set out to understand the true value of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the banking sector. Businesses, including banks, actively participate in CSR but the question of value still persists. What does the bank receive in return for participating in CSR? Do banks get more customers as a result of their CSR programmes? Do banks have a better customer retention rate because of their CSR programme? Will customers change banks purely because they disagree with their banks CSR programme? These were some of the issues addressed but due to the small sample size, the findings cannot be [...]

The banking sector employees are usually exposed to potential job burnout which impacts their employee performance. This study examined the impact of structural empowerment on organizational citizenship behavior-organization (henceforth, OCBO) and job performance and further examined the mediating effect of job burnout in the relationships of structural empowerment, OCBO and job performance. In this study, data from 282 employees was taken from four banks: both public and private sectors. Two stage sampling technique was carried out to collect data. In the first stage probability cluster sampling and in the second stage convenience sampling was used. Different data analysis techniques like [...]

This paper examines the impact of the listing of index futures trading on spot market volatility, market efficiency and volatility asymmetric responses. In order to model the effects of the introduction of index futures contracts, a modified GJR-GARCH model has been applied to examine the structural change of conditional variances before and after the introduction of index futures trading in S&P500, Nikkei 225, ASX all Ordinaries, and an equally weighted international portfolio. Additionally, this study adopts the coefficient dynamic tests to examine whether the identified impacts of index futures are consistent over time in both the individual indices and the [...]

The purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of the leaders' change-promoting behavior on employees' readiness for change and whether the organizational culture mediates this relationship. A sample of 205 responses is drawn from employees having junior or senior level of managerial responsibilities in Karachi. The method of both exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses is employed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the measurement model. The structural equation modeling method was then applied to examine the theoretical framework with the help of seven frequently reported goodness-of-fit indices. The results indicate that leaders' change-promoting behavior has a significant [...]