This study examines the impact of sectoral foreign direct investment on the industrial economic growth of Pakistan, by means of Cobb-Douglas production function. Three sectors were used namely manufacturing, construction, mining & quarrying for panel data during the period of 1997 to 2011. This study used three standard panel unit root tests; PP statistics panel unit root, ADF statistic, IPS panel unit root test. Moreover, to test the cointegration between the variables, three dierent types of test were used for the panel cointegration test based on Johansen sher, Kao residual cointegration, Pedroni residual cointegration tests to nd the long run [...]

This paper examines how satisfaction, brand image, price, packaging and perceived quality influence brand loyalty. A self-administered questionnaire through mall intercept method was used for survey purpose. Valid sample size was 300 comprising all adults and both genders. The constructs used in this study had established reliabilities. After ascertaining the normality of data a typical multiple step procedure was adopted which is inclusive of identifying outliers, ascertaining normality of the data, reliability analysis, validity analyses, CFA for all the constructs through structural equation modeling (SEM), and testing the overall model through SEM. Derived hypotheses results were assessed on SEM's output [...]

The study uses overall index of globalization developed by \cite{dreher2006does} in which all three types of integration were utilized such as political, economic and social integration. The data of three south Asian countries like Pakistan, India and Bangladesh were taken for the period from 1981 to 2011. Initially, stationary properties of selected variables were checked through conventional unit root tests such as Augmented Dickey Fuller (ADF) and Phillip Perron (PP) test followed by ordinary least square (OLS), granger causality is applied and finally long-run relationship among variables were confirm by employing Johansen test of cointegration i.e. trace test and [...]

Of the major shortcomings exposed during the 2008 global financial crisis, there are two aspects that have attracted much interest among academics: the under-appreciation of the complexity of new operations at large financial institutions and the inadequate oversight of basic prudential supervision by regulatory agencies. To provide a brief focus on elements of these aspects, this paper presents corresponding case studies involve the fall of two of the largest finance companies ever existed: American International Group and Lehman Brothers Holdings. A survey of related historical arguments shows that while AIG fails due largely to its extended involvement in the new [...]

The shift towards technological era has caused services to adopt technology to increase customer satisfaction. Although much work has been done on offline brand dimension of newspapers and its effect towards website satisfaction, website trust and website loyalty; this paper focuses on how offline brand dimension of newspaper effects website satisfaction, website trust and website loyalty in the Pakistani context. The mediating effect of Offline Brand Dimension of newspaper on Website Trust and Website Satisfaction has also been studied in this paper. Offline Brand Dimensions has been studied as a result of four factors which include: Brand Trust, Brand Satisfaction, [...]

Concept of celebrity endorsement evolved in last few decades and it has strengthened its roots. Companies spend millions of dollar on celebrity endorsement. Marketers are trying to identify the impact of celebrity endorsement on companies' profitability and advertising objectives. The purpose of this research was to investigate the impact of vicarious role model such as showbiz celebrity or sports celebrity on purchase intentions, brand loyalty and positive word of mouth among young adults of Karachi. Structured questionnaire was used to collect data through survey research method and data was collected from 252 students by using convenience sampling technique. Factor analysis [...]

This exploratory study set out to understand the true value of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in the banking sector. Businesses, including banks, actively participate in CSR but the question of value still persists. What does the bank receive in return for participating in CSR? Do banks get more customers as a result of their CSR programmes? Do banks have a better customer retention rate because of their CSR programme? Will customers change banks purely because they disagree with their banks CSR programme? These were some of the issues addressed but due to the small sample size, the findings cannot be [...]

The banking sector employees are usually exposed to potential job burnout which impacts their employee performance. This study examined the impact of structural empowerment on organizational citizenship behavior-organization (henceforth, OCBO) and job performance and further examined the mediating effect of job burnout in the relationships of structural empowerment, OCBO and job performance. In this study, data from 282 employees was taken from four banks: both public and private sectors. Two stage sampling technique was carried out to collect data. In the first stage probability cluster sampling and in the second stage convenience sampling was used. Different data analysis techniques like [...]